Is The War On Drugs - 1252 Words

The topic I will be discussing is the War on Drugs. I will discuss the War on Drugs in relation to mass incarceration and to what consequences the War on drugs has caused among people and society itself. I have always been interested by the War on Drugs. However, slowly realizing, I only knew so much about the issue. As I further researched I learned what the term, â€Å"War on Drugs† really means. The â€Å"War on Drugs† is about the prohibition of drugs in society. Therefore, I strongly believe that the Drug War is a very controversial issue in our society today. Not only does the Drug War affect our neighborhoods and society in which we live in, but it also has effects on incarceration rates and crime, racial disparity, and employment. We have been fighting the War on Drugs since 1971 when President Richard Nixon declared drug abuse as â€Å"public enemy number one† after receiving a report from two Congressmen that an astonishing number of Vietnam veterans were addicted to heroin. The height of the Drug War was in the late 1980’s and early 1990’s. (Nixon and the Generation Gap). The War on Drugs caused a significant increase to the United State prison population from the 1980s to the 1990s. U.S. prisons were filled with about 5.5% of non-violent drug offenders in 1980 to about 7.6% in the 1990s (Benson, Escalating the War on Drugs Causes and Unintended Consequences, p296). As we know now, the War on Drugs is a very complex issue in our society today. The drug war has its very ownShow MoreRelatedThe Drug War On Drugs1378 Words   |  6 Pagesnon-violent drug charges. These people’s lives are now forever changed because of a mistake they made. This mistake is continually made every single day and Americans are being punished in extreme ways for a non violent crime. The United States needs to decimalize all drugs because the drug war is costly, causes high incarceration rates, and isn’t effective as European drug solutions. In the 20th century, the United States government led a major renewed surge in drug prohibition called the War on DrugsRead MoreThe War On Drugs And Drugs Essay972 Words   |  4 PagesThe war on drugs have been a critical issue that has repeatedly held a great debate topic. It was in the 1906 when the first act against drug was put into effect with the Pure Food and Drug Act which required all over-the-counter medication to have label of its ingredients. Under President Nixon the first executive branch office to coordinate drug policy was formed and the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act was put into place. Two years following that the Drug Enforcement AgencyRead MoreThe War On Drugs And Drugs1486 Words   |  6 PagesThe War on Drugs Despite an estimated $1 trillion spent by the United States on the â€Å"War on Drugs†, statistics from the US Department of Justice (2010) has confirmed that the usage of drugs has not changed over the past 10 years. Approximately $350 billion is spent per year on the â€Å"war on drugs†, only $7 billion is spent on prevention programs by the federal government. The war on drugs is more heavily focused on how to control crime, instead of how to prevent it. Not only is the war on drugs costlyRead MoreThe War On Drugs And Drugs Essay1549 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Drug has been a serious issue in our society and criminal justice institutes due to many problems associated, including the violence, negative health benefits, social disorganization, and other negative consequences. The police agencies have adopted a policy called â€Å"The War on Drugs†, as a response to the rising drug problems. The War on Drugs has popularized variety policies and practices that significantly increased the overall number of drug arrests, and other drug related offenses(TheRead MoreThe War On Drugs And Drugs1199 Words   |  5 PagesThere was so much information on this topic of the War on Drugs that I am still wrapping my mind around it. It went into such detail about the war on drugs that are never talked about. We always hear â€Å"just say no.† I know that drugs are a very big problem in our society and even the whole world but I never knew to what extent it really was. I found it very interesting how Johann Hari interviewed these people who were in the middle of the drug war and their stories. It really opened my eyes to whatRead MoreThe War On Drugs And Drugs808 Words   |  4 PagesWhose interests are advanced by sustaining the war on drugs? Police seems to gain a lot by sustaining the â€Å"war on drug†. Drugs are a significant force in police deviance, with as many as half of all convictions in police corruption cases involving drug-related crimes. Corruption in law enforcement, courts, and corrections can be explained through egoism selfish desires for personal gain. In other cases, however, corruption might be better understood as stemming from socially hedonistic incentives;Read MoreThe War On Drugs And Drugs1821 Words   |  8 PagesThe war on drugs is a long going battle and it has created many issues all around the world and as of today the highest prison population can be found in the United States due to drug charges. About half of the inmates with in federal and state prisons can be found on drug convictions. Those charges can range from possession of an illicit substance to drug trafficking that surprisingly continues to be an issue in federal and state prisons. How can United States put an end to t he war on drugs? Read MoreThe War On Drugs And Drugs2027 Words   |  9 Pagesincreased federal spending in an attempt to curb the number of drug users and the sale and importation of illicit narcotics the war on drugs began in earnest. The war on drugs has also played a major role in politics as well as having a significant impact on the economy. While there are many arguments in favor for the war on drugs and an equal number of arguments against it I will attempt to show an unbiased look at the war on drugs and drug prohibition and how it has affected society as a whole. SinceRead MoreWar On Drugs And Drugs1952 Words   |  8 PagesWar on Drugs The war on drugs has come a long way without any remarkable success. America has been dealing with the drug menace for many years to a point that four of its presidents have declared the war on drugs part of their main agenda. Sadly, it has been a lost war in various perspectives. Drug abuse continues to be a daily topic with drug abusers flooding not only the American society but also many countries’ hospitals, prisons and courts. The drug trade has continued to cause violent crimesRead MoreThe Drug War On Drugs Essay2030 Words   |  9 Pagesthe â€Å"War on Drugs† sought to control the sale and use of psychoactive drugs as well as promote access to treatment for those who abuse and misuse these substances (Bagley, 1988; Elkins, 1990). Policies implemented prohibited the possession and distribution of narcotics (e.g. marijuana, cocaine, heroin); the punitive policies, which often resulted in hefty fines and prison sentences for violators, ultimately prompted the emer gence of a black market, more potent and lethal drugs, synthetic drugs as well

The Health Organization s Given Definition Of Health

Every single person in this world is different. We all obtain our own unique qualities. The differences in our health vary from one person to the other. With that being said, each of us distinctly has specific beliefs when it comes to our own personal health and wellness. It mostly depends on one’s own choices, culture, religious beliefs as well as the way they are raised. Our own practices greatly affect and determine our personal health and well-being. Health is a concept that pertains to the state of one’s entire well-being. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), â€Å"health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity† (Potter Perry, 2014, p. 2). In other words, the holistic view of a person’s life is taken into consideration when determining one’s health. I definitely agree with the World Health Organization’s given definition of health. The reason being is because whenever I personally define a healthy person, I think of their well-being as a whole. I believe a person is not only considered healthy based on the fact that they do not obtain any diseases or illnesses, but it includes their social and mental wellness as well. If a person is missing at least one of the three components listed, it can surely affect their holistic wellness as it ruins the whole balance. For example, imagine a person who is in a great s hape physically and mentally, but is not socially active at all. He or she willShow MoreRelatedProfit vs Non Profit Hospitals1004 Words   |  5 Pages Profit vs. Non Profit Healthcare Organizations Prepared By: Milton Flores Table of Contents I. Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 II. Definition of Non Profit Health Care Organization†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4 III. Definition of Profit Health Care Organization†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 IV. Issues facing Non Profit and Profit Health Care Organizations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5 V. Options to improve operations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreDefinition Of Health Care Quality1657 Words   |  7 PagesThe definition of health care quality has changed significantly over the years. Depending on who is asked (doctor, patient, nurse etc.), the definition can vary; however there are always some similarities. There are two definitions expressed by the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) that I believe adequately express my view on health care quality. One definition is from the Institute of Medicine that states health care quality is â€Å"safe, effective, patient-centered, timely, efficientRead MoreAbnormality Definition Essay1013 Words   |  5 Pagesinfrequency; deviation of ideal mental health. When somebody isn’t coping with the demands and activities of everyday life, they are deemed to be failing to function adequately. Daily activities include: regularly showering, communicating with people, maintaining a job. According to Rosenhan and Seligman (1989) cited by McLeod, S. A. (2014) some characteristics of this definition are, suffering, maladaptive and violating moral/social standards. This definition can be quite effective as it can beRead MoreAccreditation Essay1063 Words   |  5 PagesProgram – This accreditation program was established in 1975. Organizations accredited by this program are free standing ambulatory care organizations like surgical, medical/dental and diagnostic/therapeutic services in a variety of settings like, ambulatory surgery centers, military clinics, recovery care/short stay, sleep centers, teleradiology, telemedicine diagnostics, etc. Currently there are approximately 1,900 such organizations. In addition there is the Primary Care Home Medical CertificationRead MoreCritical Reflection Of The Healthy People Healthy Places Reading Material And Consists Of Three Sections1342 Words   |  6 Pagesand consists of three sections. It includes the definition of terms like health inequality and how does it relates to health equity. The first section states the importance of health inequalities and the necessity for a solution to decrease the health inequality gaps. Firstly, the term health inequality has a very broad definition and can be defined as the variations in health status or in the distribution of social determinants (Anonymous, 2012). Health inequality is also described as a condition whichRead MoreThe Managed Health Care System1678 Words   |  7 PagesThe managed health care system is a complex process that must align financial incentives and goals. Therefore, managed care is thought of as a complex puzzle that once one piece is moved it will affect the outcomes of the rest of the system (Boyd Finamn, 2010). As a result, it is essential that the managed care organization have the ability to align its financial incentives with the goals of all parties involved, such as the providers who deliver healthcare services and the health insurance planRead MorePregnancy And Its Effects On Children1444 Words   |  6 Pagesabortion annually (Negedu, 2011). pregnancies are either mistimed or unwanted among ad olescents. Studies in the past have Indicated that, lack of adequate sexual and reproductive health knowledge may possibly represent a key factor preventing the complete elimination of unwanted pregnancies, and unsafe induced abortion among adolescent girls in Nigeria. According to Ipas(2005) unplanned pregnancies are the result of various factors, including lack of knowledge about menstruation and pregnancy,Read MoreThe Code Of Ethics For Nurses1082 Words   |  5 Pages2015). Ethical issues related to electronic health records (EHRs) are extremely beneficial to clinicians, patients and an organization. This is because it not only increases access to health care, but it does reduce costs, improves the quality of health and care provided. The EHR is accurate to an extent, however its positive effects on productivity, should not underestimate the negative effects that ensues from using EMR. There are some Electronic health records that create conflict among severalRead MoreHealth Information Technology And The Health Care Industry Essay1458 Words   |  6 PagesHealth information technology, also known as H.I.T, is an area of IT that involves the development and maintenance of information for the health care industry. This technology allows for healthcare information systems to be automated and interoperable, which leads to improved medical care, lower costs and increased efficiency. Some H.I.T. professions include: clinical data analyst, CMIO and nursing informaticist. A clinical data analyst develops, designs and manages data tracking systems and evaluatesRead MoreNormality and Human Behavior1674 Words   |  7 Pagesmuch defence and controversy. In contrast, this topic is spoken about with great â€Å"hush† because it is seen as a taboo in society; due to the sensitive issue of an individuals expected behaviour. On the other hand, the topic of â€Å"abnormal† is often given a similar light to the idea of being â€Å"normal†. Many psychologist have tried to explain one of these labels often using the starting point of normality, then any behaviour that deviates away from this is seen as abnormal. However, as many psychologist

Management Information and Decision Support System

Question: Discuss about the Management Information and Decision Support System. Answer: Introduction Businesses today are heavily dependent on information technology and unlike before when it was used to gain a competitive advantage, its now used as the sole foundational component. This dependency creates a lot of risks as stated by Nicholas Carr (2003), who view is justified and to some extent true. According to Carr, businesses are investing more than 50 percent of their expenditures on information technology as a strategy to beat the competition. Furthermore, these statistics are supported by Microsoft findings in 2012 that predicted that companies would increase their technology spendings by 50 percent by 2015. On one hand, there are some technologies that enterprises cannot survive without, for instance, electricity and access to the internet. These technologies create the relevant conditions or environments to conduct business. However, enterprises are today focusing on other extensive technologies to enhance business such as big data, management information system and even annual replacement of technological devices e.g. PC. To some extent, these investments are way overboard beyond the returns observed. Furthermore, many enterprises today use similar IT components to conduct business which makes these technologies ubiquitous and not as innovative ventures. Nevertheless, where do the companies draw the line? What is the sound or optimum IT investment needed to succeed? This paper handles these questions by analysing the relevance of information technology in businesses today. Furthermore, the analysis will focus on the article written by Nicholas Carr (2003) supported by the relevant scholarly materials. Importance of Management Information systems (MIS) MIS are integrated systems that provide information to businesses in order to support the operations done by the management personnel. In essence, these systems are used to analyse organisations information in order to make better decisions. Similar to Simon and March work in the 1950s that employed the concepts of organisational behavioural tactics, these systems at the heart of operation use a combination of human behaviour and that of an organisation. Therefore, through the said system decisions are either programmed to fit a common repetitive routine or are designed to fit a unique structure after a thorough analysis of the data at hand. These processes help organisations make better decisions because they are centred on facts and not assumptions. Furthermore, forecasting, an integral concept for business success is also facilitated by MIS because the management can predict the future through the records they have of the past. For instance, a manufacturing company can predict the number of customers in the coming season e.g. winter based on the records of the previous year (Asemin, Safari 2011). A variety of MIS systems exist today including; decision support systems, knowledge management systems, and functional business systems among others. Yes, it is true most of these technologies are redundant and will possibly be applied by many other organisations, however, their benefits out way their expenditures. Moreover, with the modern state of events vendors of these systems have developed strategies to increase their earning such as annual licences that force users to make annual payments (Carr, 2015). However, consider the business opportunities presented, for instance, the functional business systems which comprise of finance, accounting, sales and marketing systems help monitor business operations (Al-Mamry, Shamsuddin Aziati, 2014). An organisations management can keep a watchful eye on business activities and develop adequate records for auditing purposes. Moreover, human resource system can organise and distribute manpower to the locations they are needed further increa sing an enterprises efficiency. Now, another company may have the same system but that does not make it ubiquitous instead it makes it a survival tactic a contrast to Nicholas Carr views. Basic IT concepts and Business Based on the article presented by Nicholas Carr, technologies can be classified into two groups; functional and proprietary. Functional technologies like information technology are only of value if they are shared, which makes sense when technologies like the internet and the World Wide Web are considered. However, according to him, these technologies are beneficial if they are restricted to a few thus guarantying a competitive advantage. Nevertheless, the basic concepts of IT, be it software, hardware or the internet focus on globalisation where different economies are connected to create an extended marketplace. Therefore, through the advancement in IT, (a functional technology), organisations have a bigger market to conduct their businesses (Varley, 2006). In addition to this, computer systems facilitated by the hardware and the supporting software systems enhance the services or products offered by organisations. Moreover, recent studies reveal that there are over 1.25 billion Windows PCs in the world. This number only caters for one brand of computers and thus signifies their importance not only to business but also to the way of life. As an IT concept, computers are designed to improve the way of life however the modern application reveals a much deeper role for business, that of survival (Rosoff, 2011). Furthermore, the same systems act as a foundation for the internet and the worldwide web whereas a central hub of information is found. The internet is an interconnection of networks that serves as a communication medium between different computer users. On the other hand, the worldwide web is the service or system used to access the internet. These two concepts integrate so many devices and people in the world which later is used t o support their applications in organisations while conducting business in a market environment. Business Intelligence and database systems One of the most outstanding remarks of the Nicholas Carr article is that of IT spending and financial performance, where he addresses a lack of connection between the two thus emphasising his point that IT does not matter. However, consider the importance of business intelligence and its associated components of database systems. In general, BI is a tool used to analyse gathered data from multiple locations in order to make better decisions. Therefore, as a concept, it will encapsulate the facilities of information system and database system including items like data warehouses (Chugh, 2013). Due to the increased market competition, organisations cannot depend on the overall market information available instead they are forced to develop their own systems that shed light on the current state of affairs and future of the marketplace. This means business intelligence produce justifiable results through strategic procedures. Moreover, their importance is also necessitated by the complex ity of the new environment and technologies. Our current society is filled with information, analysing such data for business relevance requires adequate structures and elaborate techniques. BI will integrate large data facilities such as database systems and warehouses to accurately interpret data to produce quality market intelligence. Furthermore, these facilities enhance data collection methods, process execution and reporting which in the end leads to better problem-solving techniques. In addition to this, risk assessments are done conveniently based on the right decisions that are accompanied by the correct actions. A quick review of BI systems reveals an elaborate structure that encompasses database systems (warehouses as well) with information systems (IS) to make better decisions (Al-ma'aitah, 2013). These IS system will include the previously discussed systems such as MIS, human resource systems, finance and accounting systems. E-commerce and associated trends A revolutionary technology that facilitates the trade of goods and services through the digital medium (internet). Many organisations in the past, particularly those that were business minded were caught off guard by this technology as they awaited to see its feasibility as suggested by Nicholas Carr. In the end, new businesses emerged that have now surpassed traditional businesses. Nevertheless, when conducting business through e-commerce several models can be used and are determined by an enterprise's requirements such as the services or the recipients (Sinha, Choudhary Mishra, 2012). At an enterprise level, four business models stand out; business to business (B2B), business to consumer (B2C), consumer to consumer (C2C) and consumer to business (C2B) models. B2B models will comprise of a product supplier and retailer where the supplier will provide the services or goods to an intermediary buyer who then sells to the final consumer. B2C, as the name suggest, will have the business itself selling products to the final consumer. C2C model will have consumers selling their own products to other consumers through a digital platform, e.g. selling used household items online. Finally, the C2B model where a website will host multiple organisation with similar services and based on the user requirements, a consumer will choose the most appropriate. For instance, different insurance companies offering the same services online (Tutorial point, 2017). E-commerce like any other technological advancement is ever changing and its application will depend on the immediate requirements as better services are always provided. Moreover, recent trends suggest an increase in online retail facilities that will see shipping cost decreased thus enable e-tailers to conduct international business through their established websites. In other ventures, e-commerce is shifting to include mobile shipping services where smartphone and other handheld devices are proposed to take over markets. These devices increase mobility and flexibility which guarantees a higher customer satisfaction rate. Moreover, mobile business improves customer engagement a valuable insight to businesses today (Parmar, 2017). Ethical issues and threats Information technology is a dynamic and diverse subject that has greatly changed the way of life. Its advantages overwhelm the disadvantages and are now a compulsory requirement for business, however, with these benefits come the associated risks and concerns. At the heart of these concerns are ethical issues more so those that deal with information privacy and security. Formal education will focus on the technical capabilities of technology without highlighting the misuse and abilities of these technical skills. Hackers, for instance, will exploit the innocence of users to gain access to privileged information thus wrongly benefit from it. Moreover, consider the countless violations made by governments and other organisations who access unauthorised information just because they can. To them it may seem as a security protocol, however, access without authorization is still a crime (Shinder, 2005). In addition to this consider other minor incidences like a company that monitors its e mployees information to manage their activities or a person who accesses a colleagues email account. Technically, these acts are not legal violations as they occur within an open network where zero authentication or authorization is given. Cybercrime and computer crimes are other threats seen today where illegal activities such as fraud, embezzlement and harassment are done using computers. These criminal activities are in most cases facilitated using malware infections or sabotage that will focus on a systems weakness. Furthermore, research done by the likes of the FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) suggest that nearly all business today (85 percent) are victims of cybercriminal acts. SO, why is this? According to research, large organisations will house a wide range of resources that are attractive to cybercriminals. On the other hand, small businesses will have minimal security measures because of limited resources thus attract the attacks (Williams, 2017). Moreover, with the availability of resources comes to the cases of piracy, where owners are robbed of their intellectual property such as inventions and designs. IT enables organisations and individuals to imitate products and services which violate the copyri ght laws among many others (Britz, 1996). Emerging Technological Trends (MIS) Innovation is the key to business success and no other component offers this outcome like technology especially information technology where support systems such as MIS are constantly changing to increase their benefits. Business analysis is easily performed using MIS systems which translate to better decisions. Therefore, with advancements such as cloud computing that offer computing services via the internet, the cost of MIS applications will decrease which will increase productivity and eventually the market competition. As a concept, cloud computing reduces the cost of IT infrastructure by enabling an organization to lease services that are too expensive to implement. Moreover, it promotes virtualization which in itself helps organisations to use minimal storage devices, for instance, using a common server in different departments (Khanduja, 2015). Secondly, the latest trends in mobile business and applications enhance the feasibility of management systems such as MIS where customer data is easily available through the services offered via the handheld devices. Furthermore, customer satisfaction is increased through the services offered by mobile applications which reduce the investments made in MIS systems. In addition to this, the business analytics are improved by the enhanced systems that are designed to handle the modern data requirements (MSG, 2017). Conclusion Nicholas Carr remarks perceive information technology as an irrelevant business strategy because its no longer innovative but ubiquitous in nature. Moreover, he advocates for reduced and delayed investments in IT systems in order to achieve maximum financial returns. First, his sentiments are completely wrong more so his overall assessment that sees IT as an irrelevant venture. For one, information technology is the backbone of businesses today, in fact, no organisation can survive let alone thrive without adopting a modern technological outlook. Consider the benefits of business intelligence, information management and database systems. These technologies help organisations make better decisions an important item of business success. In addition to this, consider other minor technological components that facilitate business today such as computers, the internet, printers and even electrical power. At best, all organisations will have these facilities regardless of their size or even location. These minor IT items are then used by organisations to execute their activities which translate to efficient services offered to the customers (end users). However, modern investments do call for strategic procedures where enterprises can plan the financial investments they make in IT. For instance, its not logical to have annual replacements of devices if the existing ones are in good working conditions. Through such intelligent decisions, the overall operational costs can be lowered increasing the revenues obtained. In conclusion, the value of information technology surpasses the financial losses observed which clearly refutes the claims suggested by Carrs article. References Al-Ma'aitah. M. (2013). The Role of Business Intelligence Tools in Decision making Process. International Journal of Computer Applications, 73(13). Retrieved 16 March, 2017, from: https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.402.8414rep=rep1type=pdf Al-Mamary. Y, Shamsuddin. A Aziati. N. (2014). The Role of Different Types of Information Systems In Business Organizations: A Review. International Journal of Research (IJR), 1(7). Retrieved 16 March, 2017, from: https://paul-hadrien.info/The%20Role%20of%20Different%20Types%20of%20Information.pdf Asemi. A, Safari. A Zavareh. A. (2011). The Role of Management Information System (MIS) and Decision Support System (DSS) for Managers Decision Making Process. International Journal of Business and Management, 6(7). Retrieved 16 March, 2017, from: https://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ijbm/article/download/8940/7938 Bhaskar. P, Sinha. N, Choudhary. B Mishra. S. (2012). E-business and E-commerce-its emerging trends. 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